Data & studies
Numbers before opinions. These four studies bring together data from INE, the Migration Observatory, Social Security, the RASI internal security report and other official sources on the role of immigration in Portugal.
Each study starts from one concrete question and puts the headline figure first, with the period it covers and the source it comes from. You can read them in the order shown or pick the theme that matters most to you: contribution to Social Security, the labour market, public safety and demography. At the end of each study you will find the list of sources consulted, so you can check the data at its origin. If you are preparing a conversation, a piece of writing or a decision and need facts rather than opinions, start with the study on your theme and follow the links to the full data.
A collective work by the immigrant professionals’ community maisimigracao, published as open source on GitHub.
- Immigrants and the sustainability of Social SecurityHow much immigrants paid into and received from Portuguese Social Security between 2020 and 2024, with data from the Migration Observatory, the Public Finance Council (CFP) and the Budget Directorate (DGO).+€1,820M net positive balance from immigrants to Social Security in 2023.Social Security · 2020–2024
- Immigration and the labour market in PortugalThe role of immigrants in Portugal's labour market between 2021 and 2025: sectors with labour shortages, complementarity with Portuguese workers and fiscal impact.41% of workers in agriculture and fishing are immigrants.Labour market · 2021–2025
- Public safety and immigration in PortugalWhat official data show about crime, imprisonment and immigration in Portugal between 2020 and 2024.−23% foreign prisoners between 2013 and 2023, while immigration grew.Public safety · 2020–2024
- Ageing, demography and immigrationHow the ageing of Portugal's population and immigration depend on each other: births, the working-age population and INE's no-migration scenario to 2100.29.2% of babies born in 2023 had a foreign-born mother.Demography · 2017–2100